AmTrust Financial 404280DR7 Bond

AFSIN Stock  USD 13.40  0.60  4.29%   
AmTrust Financial holds a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.499. With a high degree of financial leverage come high-interest payments, which usually reduce AmTrust Financial's Earnings Per Share (EPS).

Asset vs Debt

Equity vs Debt

AmTrust Financial's liquidity is one of the most fundamental aspects of both its future profitability and its ability to meet different types of ongoing financial obligations. AmTrust Financial's cash, liquid assets, total liabilities, and shareholder equity can be utilized to evaluate how much leverage the Company is using to sustain its current operations. For traders, higher-leverage indicators usually imply a higher risk to shareholders. In addition, it helps AmTrust Pink Sheet's retail investors understand whether an upcoming fall or rise in the market will negatively affect AmTrust Financial's stakeholders.
For most companies, including AmTrust Financial, marketable securities, inventories, and receivables are the most common assets that could be converted to cash. However, for AmTrust Financial Services, the most critical issue when managing liquidity is ensuring that current assets are properly aligned with current liabilities. If they are not, AmTrust Financial's management will need to obtain alternative financing to ensure there are always enough cash equivalents on the balance sheet to meet obligations.
  
Check out the analysis of AmTrust Financial Fundamentals Over Time.
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Given the importance of AmTrust Financial's capital structure, the first step in the capital decision process is for the management of AmTrust Financial to decide how much external capital it will need to raise to operate in a sustainable way. Once the amount of financing is determined, management needs to examine the financial markets to determine the terms in which the company can boost capital. This move is crucial to the process because the market environment may reduce the ability of AmTrust Financial Services to issue bonds at a reasonable cost.
Popular NameAmTrust Financial HSBC Holdings PLC
Equity ISIN CodeUS0323598203
Bond Issue ISIN CodeUS404280DR76
View All AmTrust Financial Outstanding Bonds

AmTrust Financial Outstanding Bond Obligations

Understaning AmTrust Financial Use of Financial Leverage

Leverage ratios show AmTrust Financial's total debt position, including all outstanding obligations. In simple terms, high financial leverage means that the cost of production, along with the day-to-day running of the business, is high. Conversely, lower financial leverage implies lower fixed cost investment in the business, which is generally considered a good sign by investors. The degree of AmTrust Financial's financial leverage can be measured in several ways, including ratios such as the debt-to-equity ratio (total debt / total equity), or the debt ratio (total debt / total assets).
AmTrust Financial Services, Inc. operates as a property and casualty company. It was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in New York, New York. Amtrust Financial operates under InsuranceProperty Casualty classification in the United States and is traded on OTC Exchange. It employs 9300 people.
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Pair Trading with AmTrust Financial

One of the main advantages of trading using pair correlations is that every trade hedges away some risk. Because there are two separate transactions required, even if AmTrust Financial position performs unexpectedly, the other equity can make up some of the losses. Pair trading also minimizes risk from directional movements in the market. For example, if an entire industry or sector drops because of unexpected headlines, the short position in AmTrust Financial will appreciate offsetting losses from the drop in the long position's value.

Moving against AmTrust Pink Sheet

  0.54SHG Shinhan FinancialPairCorr
  0.31ALL-PH AllstatePairCorr
The ability to find closely correlated positions to AmTrust Financial could be a great tool in your tax-loss harvesting strategies, allowing investors a quick way to find a similar-enough asset to replace AmTrust Financial when you sell it. If you don't do this, your portfolio allocation will be skewed against your target asset allocation. So, investors can't just sell and buy back AmTrust Financial - that would be a violation of the tax code under the "wash sale" rule, and this is why you need to find a similar enough asset and use the proceeds from selling AmTrust Financial Services to buy it.
The correlation of AmTrust Financial is a statistical measure of how it moves in relation to other instruments. This measure is expressed in what is known as the correlation coefficient, which ranges between -1 and +1. A perfect positive correlation (i.e., a correlation coefficient of +1) implies that as AmTrust Financial moves, either up or down, the other security will move in the same direction. Alternatively, perfect negative correlation means that if AmTrust Financial moves in either direction, the perfectly negatively correlated security will move in the opposite direction. If the correlation is 0, the equities are not correlated; they are entirely random. A correlation greater than 0.8 is generally described as strong, whereas a correlation less than 0.5 is generally considered weak.
Correlation analysis and pair trading evaluation for AmTrust Financial can also be used as hedging techniques within a particular sector or industry or even over random equities to generate a better risk-adjusted return on your portfolios.
Pair CorrelationCorrelation Matching

Other Information on Investing in AmTrust Pink Sheet

AmTrust Financial financial ratios help investors to determine whether AmTrust Pink Sheet is cheap or expensive when compared to a particular measure, such as profits or enterprise value. In other words, they help investors to determine the cost of investment in AmTrust with respect to the benefits of owning AmTrust Financial security.

What is Financial Leverage?

Financial leverage is the use of borrowed money (debt) to finance the purchase of assets with the expectation that the income or capital gain from the new asset will exceed the cost of borrowing. In most cases, the debt provider will limit how much risk it is ready to take and indicate a limit on the extent of the leverage it will allow. In the case of asset-backed lending, the financial provider uses the assets as collateral until the borrower repays the loan. In the case of a cash flow loan, the general creditworthiness of the company is used to back the loan. The concept of leverage is common in the business world. It is mostly used to boost the returns on equity capital of a company, especially when the business is unable to increase its operating efficiency and returns on total investment. Because earnings on borrowing are higher than the interest payable on debt, the company's total earnings will increase, ultimately boosting stockholders' profits.

Leverage and Capital Costs

The debt to equity ratio plays a role in the working average cost of capital (WACC). The overall interest on debt represents the break-even point that must be obtained to profitability in a given venture. Thus, WACC is essentially the average interest an organization owes on the capital it has borrowed for leverage. Let's say equity represents 60% of borrowed capital, and debt is 40%. This results in a financial leverage calculation of 40/60, or 0.6667. The organization owes 10% on all equity and 5% on all debt. That means that the weighted average cost of capital is (.4)(5) + (.6)(10) - or 8%. For every $10,000 borrowed, this organization will owe $800 in interest. Profit must be higher than 8% on the project to offset the cost of interest and justify this leverage.

Benefits of Financial Leverage

Leverage provides the following benefits for companies:
  • Leverage is an essential tool a company's management can use to make the best financing and investment decisions.
  • It provides a variety of financing sources by which the firm can achieve its target earnings.
  • Leverage is also an essential technique in investing as it helps companies set a threshold for the expansion of business operations. For example, it can be used to recommend restrictions on business expansion once the projected return on additional investment is lower than the cost of debt.
By borrowing funds, the firm incurs a debt that must be paid. But, this debt is paid in small installments over a relatively long period of time. This frees funds for more immediate use in the stock market. For example, suppose a company can afford a new factory but will be left with negligible free cash. In that case, it may be better to finance the factory and spend the cash on hand on inputs, labor, or even hold a significant portion as a reserve against unforeseen circumstances.

The Risk of Financial Leverage

The most obvious and apparent risk of leverage is that if price changes unexpectedly, the leveraged position can lead to severe losses. For example, imagine a hedge fund seeded by $50 worth of investor money. The hedge fund borrows another $50 and buys an asset worth $100, leading to a leverage ratio of 2:1. For the investor, this is neither good nor bad -- until the asset price changes. If the asset price goes up 10 percent, the investor earns $10 on $50 of capital, a net gain of 20 percent, and is very pleased with the increased gains from the leverage. However, if the asset price crashes unexpectedly, say by 30 percent, the investor loses $30 on $50 of capital, suffering a 60 percent loss. In other words, the effect of leverage is to increase the volatility of returns and increase the effects of a price change on the asset to the bottom line while increasing the chance for profit as well.